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AMOSB. LOVELL, OF POMFRET, NEWVYO'RK.

' p Letters Patent No. 82,854, dated October 6, 1868.

ELA'STIC APRON F0-Rv PAPERMACHINBS.

@Ligt ttphult referrer-ta inttlgtel ette'rs nteut nu mating putt uf tlg; same.

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TO'ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, AMos LovELL, of the town of Pomfret, in the county ot` Chautauqua, and State of New York, have invented an Elastic Apron for Paper-Maehines;-and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation thereof, reference being had to the accom panying drawings, making n. partof thislspecificatiom in which- Figure I is a side elevation of a portion of a paper-machine, showing the application of my improvements thereto.

Figure II is a sectional elevation of same; and

Figure III is a plan of same. My improvem'eutrelates to the paper-making machine known as The Fourdrinier, the construction and mode of operation of which are too well known to require special description.

The nature of my invention consists in the combination, with the wet-press or couching-rollers, or with the second or dry-press rollers, or with both, of a Fourdrinier paper-machine, of an endless rubber or gutta-percha apron, arranged and operating in the manner hereinafter described, the combination with' the coaching-rollers being for the purpose of more thoroughly pressing out the water from the paper in its passage throughsaid rollers, and removing to a great degree the wire-marksztherefrom, and thereby dispensing with the use of the felt, and the combination with the second or dry-press rollers being for the purpose of further removing the water, and giving the paper its finishing pressure'before passing to the drier. e l

In the accompanying drawings, like letters referto like parts in each of the figures.

The drawings represent only that portion of the machine containing the couching and dry-pressing rollers.

A represents the side frames of the machine, B the lower couching-roller, and B the upper or pressureroller.

C is the lower dry-press roller, and C the upper orpressure-roller.

The lower rollers, B and C, run in appropriate journal-bearings in side frames, and the upper rollers, B and C', in sliding boxes contained in jaws, A', of the side frames, said jaws having adjusting-screws to regulate the pressure of the upper rollers upon the lower.

Ereprescnts the endless wire belt or apron, for receiving the Apulp from the vat, yand conveying the same to the couching-rollers, around the lower one of which saicl'wire apron passes;l the arrangement, operation, and use of the'wire apron being as common in Fourdrinier machines. i F represents an endless apron, of rubber or gutta-percha, passing around the lower coaching-roller, inside of the wire apron E, and around a tightening-roller, G, located between the upper and lower stretches ofthe wire` apron, the bearing-boxes of said tightening-roller being attached to the side frames iu a manner to permit their adjustmentto or from the coaching-roller, to regulate the tension of said rubber apron. I

The sheet of pulp, as brought by the wire apron to the. coaching-rollers, is saturated with water, which it is the office-oi' the coaching-rollers to remove by the compression of the sheet as it passes through the rollers. Supposing the rubber apron not to be used, the wire apron would leave the print of-its meshes in the pulp or paper, and would prevent the application of the requisite pressure to remove all or nearly all of the water therefrom, and it is for this reason that the Fourdrinier machines, as heretofore constructed, have required and through one or more subsequent the subsequent passage of the paper over one or lmore felt blankets, sets of dry-pressing rollers.

With the rubber blanket,`a smooth, elastic surface is given to the lower press-roller, into which the wire apron will embed itselt` under they pressure of the upper roller, the rubber blanket pressing out and filling the meshes of the wire apron, thereby preventing to a great extent the formation of wire-marks in the paper, and enabling a degree of pressure tothe applied to` the upper roller which will expel allor nearly all the water from the paper, so that the subsequent passage of the paper over the felts and through at least one set of drypress rollers may be dispensed with.

By means of a tightening-roller, Gr, the tension of the rubber apron may be regulated at pleasure, to increase or diminish its elasticity, or the hardness of surface which it presents to the pressure-roller. This is a matter' of great importance in adapting the blanket specially to the work it is required to do.

H represents a rubber blanket, similar to F, applied to the lower dry-press roller C, I being an adjustable tightening-roller, operating in the same u1u-nner and for the same purposeps roller G.

J is an apron, of rubber cloth or felt, interposed between the couching and dry-press rolls, and passing around rollers K K, the roller K holding the apronvin contact with the upper roll C', the motion of said roll driving said apron. The rollers K K are cprried by arms, L, hinged at one end to the side frame, so that the roller K may be swung up or down,'to regulate the contact ofthe apron with the upper roll C', the arms being secured in tbe required position by the binding-screws Z. Y

This apron J simply serves the purpose of carrying the sheet of paper from the couching-rolls to the drypress rolls. A

The action of the rubber blanket, as applied to the lower dry-press. rolls, is to give a smooth and` elastic surface thereto, but Vsufficiently'hard to enable these rolls to give a finishing pressure to the paper, removing most ofthe remaining water, and erasing, or nearly-so, the remaining wire-marks, thus fitting the paper to pass at once to the drying-cylinders. i

The advantages accruing from the use of my improvements may be stated simply as follows:

First. It dispenses with the use of the felt blankets and jackets ou the eouehing-rolls, thereby effecting a great saving in the cost of equipping and ruiming the machine, the felt blankets costing, for renewals, from three to seven hundred dollars per annum.

Second. It dispenses with at least one set of dry-press rolls. i

Third. It gives a better` and smoother suiface'to the paper, more free from wire and felt-marks.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination of a rubber or gutta-percha apron with the couehing-prcss rolls of u paper-machine, when the same is provided with a tensioirrollel', in the manner and for the purpose set forth:

AMOS B. LOVELL.

Witnesses:

W. II. Founusn, EDWARD WILHELM.' 

